In this experiment, the LED blinks at a constant rate. This is because the transistor is being turned on and off. This circuit is called an oscillator and it uses a feedback signal. Feedback is when the input signal is based on the output signal. In this case, the collector signal (part of transistor) is feedback to the base (part of transistor) through a coil (part of transformer) and the 100 microfarad capacitor. The rate at which the transistor is turned on and off is called the frequency and is controlled by the resistor, capacitor, and coil in the circuit.
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