In this experiment, the left LED blinks when the switch is pressed and than the right LED blinks. When one presses the switch, a sudden surge of current (AC) goes through the inductor that magnetically creates a current on the other side of the transformer, lighting the left LED. The current from the battery settles after the initial surge (becomes DC) and the magnetic induction stops because the current is no longer changing, hence no current flows through the LED even though there is current on the battery side of the transformer. When one releases the switch, the sudden drop in current through the transformer magnetically creates a new current on the other side of the transformer, but this time in the opposite direction so the right LED lights instead of the left LED. Again, this current is brief and the LED only blinks. The transformer has many more turns (more inductance) on the LED side than on the battery side; this boosts the voltage to the LED's (though it also lowers the current). If the transformer was in reverse, there would not be enough voltage to turn the LED's on. The transformer is functioning as a magnetic bridge in electronics, since we use magnetism to cross a barrier that electricity cannot cross by itself. Transformers are mainly used for isolating and buffering different circuits from each other.
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