This blog will keep to a simple theme of my tinkering with electronic and computer related toys, gadgets, projects and the like. I do hope from time to time there is something for someone to find when they are exploring these things for themselves. From an early age, I was always attracted to electronic gadgets an I continue to enjoy myself with my hobby. Unfortunately with a busy life, time becomes short an I can not indulge myself like in the past.
There are three elements to the Fiber Optics Kit: transmitter, fiber-optics cable, and receiver. The transmitter is made up of a diver and source. The source is a light-emitting-diode (LED). The driver is a circuit that changes the electrical signal into a form required by the source. The fiber-optic cable in this kit is a plastic optical cable (in high-end cables glass is used). The receiver is made up of two basic parts: the detector, and the output circuit. The detector converts the light received by the cable into an electrical signal. The output circuit amplifies, and if necessary, reshapes the electrical signal.
The Metal Detector Kit is a basic Oscillator. When the transistor is turned on, it sends a current into the inductor-capacitor circuit. The inductor is made up of the winding red coil. This inductor-capacitor circuit has a resonance frequency in the AM radio band. Part of the energy in the inductor-capacitor circuit is feed into the emitter of the transistor, amplifying the signal and causing the circuit to oscillate at the inductor-capacitor resonance frequency. Metal is detected, when the magnetic field of the coil, comes into the presence of metal. The magnetic field can move easier causing the inductor-capacitor circuit to oscillate at a lower frequency. The video below will demonstrate this idea.
The Pocket Dice Kit is made up of fourteen LEDs to represent two dice, and three main circuits: Clock Oscillator, Presettable Counter, and Decoder Circuit. There are seven LEDs per dice for the six possible dice combinations. To create a number on the dice (LEDs), a switch is pressed down, causing a short, and producing a number. The Clock Oscillator is an IC that consists of two NAND gates that are digital integrated circuits that inputs are tied together to form an inverter circuit. The frequency of the oscillation is about 60 cycles per second producing a square wave. By pressing the switch one causes a short and the feedback stops hence the oscillator halts. The Presettable Counter function are two IC. These two IC convert the square wave of the Clock Oscillator. Every time the clock puts out a pulse, the counter will change its output. The two counters convert the clock pulses in six combinations of "1" and "0". The Decoder Circuit takes the output of the Presettable Counter and lights the correct LEDs. It consists of a NAND gate and an OR gate.
The Lie Detector Kit is an oscillating circuit based on the theory that when one is lying there is a change in galvanic skin resistance that would cause the oscillator frequency to increase. This kit uses the IC 555, and one can change the sensitivity with a low and high switch and a in series trim pot. In operation, a person would hold a wire connected to washers in each hand. When the person is lying to a question there GSR changes causing the frequency to change or the sound to increase to indicate lying. In testing this theory I found that it did not work. Lastly, this kit can also be used as a moisture indicator, and in the video, I demonstrate that this idea is very promising.
This is Velleman's 3x3x3 LED light Cube uses a 9v battery; in addition, this is a programable LED light cube. Velleman recommends starting with this kit before assembling the there 5x5x5 LED Cube.
